[ˈjʊ.ɡũː], [ˈjuː.ɡum]
OrigoFrom Proto-Italic *jugom, from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm, from *yewg- (“to yoke, harness, join”) + *-óm. Cognate with Sanskrit युग (yuga), Ancient Greek ζῠγόν (zŭgón), and Gothic 𐌾𐌿𐌺 (juk). Equivalent to a substantivization of the adjective iugus (“belonging together”).
- declension-2, neutera yoke (for oxen or cattle) or collar (for a horse)
“Nos onera quibusdam bestiis, nos iuga inponimus; […]” — (please add an English translation of this quotation)
“inde premēns stīvam dēsignat moenia sulcō;
alba iugum niveō cum bove vacca tulit
From there, pressing the plow handle, he marks out the city walls with a furrow; a white cow with a snow-white bull bor”
- declension-2, neutera yoke, pair, team of draft oxen; a pair of horses; a chariot
“Quod addit asinos, qui stercus vectent, treis, asinum molarium; in vinea iugerum iugum boum, asinorum iugum, asinum molarium; […]” — As to his addition of three donkeys to haul manure and one for the mill; for a vineyard of 100 jugera, a yoke of oxen, a pair of donkeys, and one for the mill; […]
“Lucage, nulla tuos currus fuga segnis equorum prodidit aut uanae uertere ex hostibus umbrae: ipse rotis saliens iuga deseris.” — (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- declension-2, neutera pair of anything
“ex eo notatum, non fere legionis umquam hiberna esse castra ubi aquilarum non sit iugum.” — (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- declension-2, neutera juger of land
“Ille, Modos, quibus metirentur rura, alius alios constituit. Nam in Hispania ulteriore metiuntur iugis, in Campania versibus, apud nos in agro Romano ac Latino iugeris. Iugum vocant, quod iuncti boves” — Each country has its own method of measuring land. Thus in farther Spain the unit of measure is the iugum, in Campania the versus, with us here in the district of Rome and in Latium the iugerum. The i
- declension-2, neuterin Kent, a yoke of land, quarter sulung
- declension-2, neutera horizontal beam or rail fastened perpendicular to a post or pole; a crossbeam, crossrail
“Tertius vineae annus palmitem velocem robustumque emittit et quem faciat aetas vitem. hic in iugum insilit.” — (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- declension-2, neuterany of various types of horizontal structural member: the beam which united the upright posts of a loom, the crossbar of a lyre, the crossrail of a trellis, the thwart or cross-bench of a boat (the rower's bench)
“[…]: tela iugo vincta est, stamen secernit harundo, […]” — (please add an English translation of this quotation)
“inde alias animas, quae per iuga longa sedebant, deturbat laxatque foros; simul accipit alueo ingentem Aenean.” — (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- declension-2, neutera symbolic yoke of subjugation: a low makeshift archway of three spears under which a vanquished enemy was made to bend in humiliation as they passed by
“Caesar, quod memoriā tenēbat L. Cassium cōnsulem occīsum exercitumque ēius ab Helvētiīs pulsum et sub iugum mīssum, concēdendum nōn putābat […] .” — Because Caesar remembered that the consul Lucius Cassius had been killed and his army routed and sent under the yoke by the Helvetians, he did not think their request should be granted.
- declension-2, neutera scalebeam; (metonymic) a pair of scales; (astronomy) the Libra
“L. quidem Tarutius Firmanus, familiaris noster, in primis Chaldaeicis rationibus eruditus, urbis etiam nostrae natalem diem repetebat ab iis Pardibus, quibus eam a Romulo conditam accepimus, Romamque,” — (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- declension-2, neuterthe summit or ridge of a mountain; a chain or range of mountains
“Eius vero montis iugum se circumagens et media curvatura prope tangens oras maris Hadriani pertingit circumitionibus contra fretum.” — The ridge of this mountain range then bends in an arch and almost reaches the middle part of the Adriatic coast, while, completing the arch, it ends up touching the Strait (of Messina).
- declension-2, figuratively, neuterthe bond (of slavery, matrimony, etc.)
“Iamne ea fert iugum?” — Does she as yet bear the yoke? (i.e. does she bear the yoke of matrimony; is she married?)
- accusative, form-of, masculine, singularaccusative masculine singular
- accusative, form-of, neuter, nominative, singularnominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular
Formaeiugī(genitive) · iugum(nominative, singular) · iuga(nominative, plural) · iugī(genitive, singular) · iugōrum(genitive, plural) · iugō(dative, singular) · iugīs(dative, plural) · iugum(accusative, singular) · iuga(accusative, plural) · iugō(ablative, singular) · iugīs(ablative, plural) · iugum(singular, vocative) · iuga(plural, vocative) · jugum(alternative, obsolete)
Fons: Vicitionarium