[ˈsʊ.pɛr], [ˈsuː.per]
OriginFrom Proto-Italic *super, from Proto-Indo-European *upér (“over, above”). Cognate to Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “above”), German über (“above, over”), Sanskrit उपरि (upári, “above, upper”), Hindi ऊपर (ūpar, “above, top, up”), Odia ଉପର (upara, “above, up”) and Punjabi ਉੱਪਰ (uppar, “above, top, up”).
The accusative is from the pre-PIE directional. The ablative is from the ablative of cause.
- ablative, with-ablative, with-accusativeof place above, over, on the top of, upon
“Cibus super mēnsam est.” — The food is on the table.
- ablative, with-accusativeof place above, beyond
“terra autem erat inanis et vacua et tenebrae super faciem abyssi et spiritus Dei ferebatur super aquas” — And the earth was void and empty, and darkness was upon the face of the deep; and the spirit of God moved over the waters.
- ablative, with-accusativeof measure above, beyond, over, in addition to
- ablative, with-ablative, with-accusativeconcerning, regarding
- above, on top, over
- upwards
- moreover, in addition, besides, on top of this, too, also
“Hīs accēnsa super …” — [Juno] having been inflamed by these [things] in addition …
Or, translated more plainly:
With all of this angering her …
(See: Juno (mythology).)
Formssuperius(comparative) · summē(superlative) · suprēmē(superlative)