[tsiɛ̂ʃ]
CilmeFrom the same stem as Latvian ciets (“hard, solid”), from which it was a variant yo-stem: Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to set in motion, to move”) with a variant -tyo-s of an (adjectivizing) suffix -to-s > Proto-Baltic *keityas > *kietyas > ciešs. It is also possible that the adverbial form cieti of ciets first gave rise to a variant *cieši via palatalization, from which came the adjective ciešs. In some dialects, ciešs still means the same as ciets, but in the standard literary language they are semantically distinct.
- dense, tight (with component parts that are linked or very close to each other)
“ciešs audums” — tight fabric, cloth
“cieša ziedkopa” — tight, dense inflorescence
“ciešs krāvums, tinums” — tight stacking, winding
- tight, close (with people standing close to each other)
“sastāties ciešā lokā” — to stand in a tight, close circle
“cieša kolonna” — tight, close column
- figurativelyclose, united
“ciešā saimē izcīnīsim cīņu” — as (lit. in) a close family we will win the fight
- usuallytight, close (strongly bound, tied)
“ciešs līmējums, mezgls” — tight bond, knot
“cieša apkaklīte” — tight collar
- tight, strong, determined
“ciešs rokas spiediens” — tight handshake
“cieši sakost zobus” — to clech one's teeth tight
- tight, close, strong
“cieša sadarbība” — close cooperation
“ciešas saites ar kolektīvu” — close ties with the team
“uzturēt ciešus sakarus ar draudzīgām zemēm” — to maintain close contact, relations with friendly countries
- tight, strong, rigid, unalterable
“cieša parliecība, ticība, noruna” — strong belief, faith, agreement
“ciešs solījums” — solemn promise
- tight, deep
“viņš gan naktī neesot nekā dzirdējis, gulējis ciešu miegu” — he had heard nothing during the night, (he) slept a tight sleep
- tight, hard, attentive, concentrated
“Frickalna pelēkajām acīm arvien bija ciešs skatiens, it kā viņš pētītu to, ko sarunu biedrs nepasaka” — Frickalns' gray eyes had a tight, concentrated look, as if he were studying what his conversation partner did not say
- tightly close, very near (syn. ciets)
“pienākt cieši klāt” — to come very close
“sēdēt cieši kopā” — to sit close together
Formasciešais(definite) · ciešāks(comparative) · visciešākais(superlative) · cieši(adverb) · ciešs(masculine, nominative, singular) · cieši(masculine, nominative, plural) · cieša(feminine, nominative, singular) · ciešas(feminine, nominative, plural) · cieša(genitive, masculine, singular) · ciešu(genitive, masculine, plural) · ciešas(feminine, genitive, singular) · ciešu(feminine, genitive, plural) · ciešam(dative, masculine, singular) · ciešiem(dative, masculine, plural) · ciešai(dative, feminine, singular) · ciešām(dative, feminine, plural) · ciešu(accusative, masculine, singular) · ciešus(accusative, masculine, plural) · ciešu(accusative, feminine, singular) · ciešas(accusative, feminine, plural)
Avots: Wiktionary