[ˈkarɐm]
OriginFrom Proto-Slavic *karati (“to accuse”), an iterative counter-part to коря́ (korjá, “to rebuke”).
- dialectal, transitiveto edify, to instruct
- dialectal, transitiveto rebuke, to reproach, to reprimand
“Сос ма ка́рай, ма́йчинко, сос ма мо́мрей!” — Stop reproaching me, mother, stop reprimanding me!
- transitiveto drive, to conduct (a vehicle)
“ка́рам кола́” — [I] drive a car
- transitiveto drive, to herd (an animal, a herd)
“ка́рам гове́да” — [I] herd cattle
- transitiveto convey, to transport, to carry
“ка́рам това́р” — to transport goods
- transitiveto make, to coerce (someone do something)
“ка́рам ня́кого да ...” — [I] coerce someone to ...
- transitiveto undergo, to get through, to pass (endevour, situation, state of affairs)
“ка́рам грип” — [I] undergo flu
“ка́рам и́зпит” — [I] am taking an exam
“Ка́рам я ня́как си.” — I am doing fine somehow/in some way.
- colloquial, figuratively, transitiveto be (a certain age)
- colloquial, figuratively, transitiveto live, to be getting along
- colloquial, transitiveto keep on (doing something), to carry out
- reflexiveto make, to prepare oneself to do something
Formsка́рам first-singular present indicative or(canonical, imperfective) · káram(romanization) · ка́ращ(active, indefinite, masculine, participle, present) · ка́рал(active, aorist, indefinite, masculine, participle, past) · кара́л(active, aorist, indefinite, masculine, participle, past) · ка́рал(active, imperfect, indefinite, masculine, participle, past) · ка́ран(indefinite, masculine, participle, passive, past) · ка́райки(adverbial, indefinite, masculine, participle) · ка́ращият(active, definite, masculine, participle, present, subjective) · ка́ралият(active, aorist, definite, masculine, participle, past, subjective) · кара́лият(active, aorist, definite, masculine, participle, past, subjective) · -(active, definite, imperfect, masculine, participle, past, subjective) · ка́раният(definite, masculine, participle, passive, past, subjective) · ка́райки(adverbial, definite, masculine, participle, subjective) · ка́ращия(active, definite, masculine, objective, participle, present) · ка́ралия(active, aorist, definite, masculine, objective, participle, past) · кара́лия(active, aorist, definite, masculine, objective, participle, past) · -(active, definite, imperfect, masculine, objective, participle, past) · ка́рания(definite, masculine, objective, participle, passive, past) · ка́райки(adverbial, definite, masculine, objective, participle)