[ɡàjʃ]
CilmeOriginally the yo-stem variant of an earlier u-stem form *gaisus (a parallel o-stem variant yielded Latvian dialectal adjective gaiss), from Proto-Baltic *gais- (some researchers suggest *gaid-, i.e. *gaid-sus), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰēy-, *gʷʰəy- (“bright, shining”) with an extra -s. Cognates include Lithuanian gaidrùs (“light, bright, clear”), Old Prussian gaylis (“white”), Ancient Greek φαιός (phaiós, “gray, dark”) (< *gʷʰəywos or *gʷʰəysos).
- bright (strong; such that it produces strong light)
“gaiša spuldze” — bright (light) bulb
“gaiša liesma, uguns” — bright flame, fire
“gaišs zibens uzliesmojums” — bright flash of lightning
- light, bright, well lit
“gaiša istaba” — bright, well lit room
“gaiša iela” — bright, well lit street
“šodien ir gaišs” — today is bright (= well lit)
- light, bright (white or with a large white admixture; without dark tones)
“gaišs tērps” — bright dress
“gaiša drāna” — light (not dark) fabric
“gaiša apkaklīte” — light collar
- light (relatively clear, transparent; not saturated, concentrated)
“gaišais alus” — light beer
“tēja ir vēl gan tāda gaiša” — the tea is still so light
- clear, obvious, unambiguous
“skaidri un gaiši” — loud and clear (lit. clear and bright)
“visa latviešu tautas daiļrade, it sevišķi dziesmas un pasakas, dod gaišu liecību par darbaļaužu optimistisko dzīves skatījumi” — the entire Latvian folk art, especially the songs and tales, give clear testimony of the working people's optimistic view of life
- bright (smart, intelligent, advanced; educated; morally, ethically evolved)
“gaišs prāts” — bright mind
“gaiša, gudra galva” — bright, smart head (= intelligent person)
“Verns nešaubīgi tic cilvēka gaišā gara uzvarai, zinātnes spēkam” — Verns firmly believes in the victory of man's bright spirit, in the power of science
- bright, light (mentally balanced; good-natured, well-disposed; also, happy)
“viņa ir tāds gaišs, allaž priecīgs bērns” — she is such a bright, always happy child
“viņa acu priekšā stāvēja Zentas tēls, jauns, gaišs, priecīgs” — before his eyes (there) stood an image of Zenta, young, bright, happy
“Mariju sāpes padarījušas gaišāku un mierīgāku” — the pain made Mary lighter and calmer
- bright (good, optimistic, happy; expressing such feelings)
“gaišas cerības” — bright hopes, expectations
“gaiši sapņi” — bright dreams
“gaiša laime” — bright, light happiness
- bright, noble, free (with good perspectives; causing happiness)
“gaišas nākotnes valsts” — a country with a bright future
“ticība gaišai rītdienai” — belief in a bright tomorrow
“gaiša bērnība” — a bright (= happy) childhood
- high, high-pitched; sonorous, pure
“gaišas vijoļu skaņas” — bright (= high-pitched) violin sounds
“gaišs zvans” — bright (= sonorous) bell
“viens cirtiens bija smagāks un dobjāks, otrs bija viegls, gaišs” — one stroke was heavy and hollow, the second was light, bright
Formasgaišais(definite) · gaišāks(comparative) · visgaišākais(superlative) · gaiši(adverb) · gaišs(masculine, nominative, singular) · gaiši(masculine, nominative, plural) · gaiša(feminine, nominative, singular) · gaišas(feminine, nominative, plural) · gaiša(genitive, masculine, singular) · gaišu(genitive, masculine, plural) · gaišas(feminine, genitive, singular) · gaišu(feminine, genitive, plural) · gaišam(dative, masculine, singular) · gaišiem(dative, masculine, plural) · gaišai(dative, feminine, singular) · gaišām(dative, feminine, plural) · gaišu(accusative, masculine, singular) · gaišus(accusative, masculine, plural) · gaišu(accusative, feminine, singular) · gaišas(accusative, feminine, plural)
Avots: Wiktionary