[ɡâlts]
CilmeFrom Proto-Baltic *geld-, *gald-, from Proto-Indo-European *geldʰ-, *goldʰ- (“to chip, to scratch, to hollow”). The semantic evolution was probably: “chipped, carved, hollowed (thing)” → “chip, board cut from a block (of wood)” (a meaning still attested; see below) → “trough, wood container (for eating, feeding)” (note also the meaning of derived term aizgalds (“sty, pen”)) → “table (for eating).” Cognates include Lithuanian gélda (“trough, wooden container”), Old Prussian galdo.
- declension-1, masculinetable (piece of furniture consisting of a horizontal surface on legs, to support objects — dishes and food while eating, tools while working, etc.)
“četrstūrains, apaļš, garš galds” — rectangular, round, long table
“pulēts, krāsots galds” — polished, painted table
“riekstkoka galds” — walnut (wood) table
- declension-1, masculine, metonymicallytable (a table drawer or small cabinet)
“ielikt rakstāmpiederumus galdā” — to put the stationary (lit. writing things) in the table (= drawer)
“izņemt grāmatu no galda” — to take a book from the table (= drawer)
“noglabāt dokumentus galdā” — to keep documents in the talbe (= drawer)
- declension-1, masculinetable, buffet (the food and drinks placed on the table; said food and drinks together with the table)
“lūgt pie galda” — to invite to the table (= to eat)
“bagātīgs dzīru galds” — rich banquet table
“viesību galds” — party table
- declension-1, masculinetable (type of food)
“siltais, aukstais galds” — warm, coold table (with warm, cold food)
“kafijas galds” — coffee table (with coffee, cookies, etc.)
- declension-1, masculinetable (a meal, the food consumed during a meal)
“pusdienu galds” — lunch table
“galda runa” — table speech (speech made during a meal)
- declension-1, masculinetable (group of people sitting at the same table and eating together)
“kalpu galds” — servants' table
“saimnieku galds” — masters' table
- declension-1, masculineboard especially treated to make a certain specific object
“mucas galdi” — barrel boards (= for making barrels)
“laivas galdi” — ship boards (= for making ships)
“gultas galdi” — bed boards (= for making beds)
- declension-1, masculineboard, table (horizontal surface or platform for some device or machine)
“kuļmašīnas galds” — threshing machine table
Formasgalds(nominative, singular) · galdi(nominative, plural) · galda(genitive, singular) · galdu(genitive, plural) · galdam(dative, singular) · galdiem(dative, plural) · galdu(accusative, singular) · galdus(accusative, plural) · galdu(instrumental, singular) · galdiem(instrumental, plural) · galdā(locative, singular) · galdos(locative, plural) · gald(singular, vocative) · galdi(plural, vocative)