CilmeFrom the same stem as the verb gūt (“to gain, to obtain”) (q.v.). From a parallel form gust (< *gud-ti; compare Lithuanian gùsti (“to get accustomed; to teach oneself”), present tense gundù) came *gudras, from which gudrs (the u-stem form of the Lithuanian cognate is apparently secondary). The semantic evolution of this word was probably: “(something) caught, grabbed” > “one who by catching got used to, taught himself something” (at first applied to dogs and other animals) > “intelligent,” or then maybe: “one who catches, grabs” > “resourceful” > “smart, intelligent.” (Note that a 17th-cendury dictionary mentions modrs (“alert, vigilant”) as a synonym of gudrs.) Cognates include Lithuanian gudrùs (“intelligent, resourceful”), dialectal gùdras.
- intelligent, wise (having extensive knowledge, well-developed thinking, rich experience)
“gudrs cilvēks, ārsts” — intelligent person, doctor
“bataljona komandieris - lielisks vīrs, un gudrs: lai kādu jautājumu viņam uzprasi, visu atbildēs, izlasījis veselu bibliotēku” — the battalion commander: a great man, and intelligent: whatever question you asked him, he answered it, he has read a whole library
“vienkāršais cilvēks, visu darbu darītājs, pazīst dabas norises un parādības, darba procesus, pazīst cilvēkus, viņu dzīves daudzveidīgos sakarus un attiecības; tāds cilvēks ir gudrs” — a simple person, who does all the work, knows natural processes and phenomena, (knows) work, knows people, their lives' multifaceted connections and relations; such a person is wise
- intelligent, wise (expressing such qualities)
“gudrs skatiens” — wise, intelligent look
“gudras acis” — wise eyes
“gudra seja” — intelligent face
- smart, clever (one who quickly understands, notices, remembers; astute)
“gudrs skolēns, māceklis” — clever student, apprentice
“māmiņa bija lepna par mums, stāstīja, cik mēs nopietni, gudri un saprātīgi bērni” — mom was proud of us, he told (everybody) how we were serious, clever, intelligent children
- smart, clever (well trained; perceptive)
“gudrs suns, zirgs” — clever dog, horse
“gudri dzīvnieki instinktīvi jūt negaisus cilvēku attiecībās” — clever animals instinctively feel a thunderstorm in human relations (when one is happening)
“gudrais pelēcis laipoja uzmanīgi, it kā zinādams, kas viņam šodien vedams” — the smart gray (horse) maneuvered carefully, as if knowing who he would be taking today
- figurativelysmart, intelligent
“gudrās mašīnas palīdz radīt celtnes, jūras un Visuma kuģus” — the intelligent machines help creat buildings, ships, and spaceships
- intelligent, clever, wise (which exemplifies the use of intelligence, wisdom)
“gudra doma” — intelligent, wise thought
“gudrs lēmums” — wise decision
“guddra mīlestība” — wise love
- intelligent, wise (rich in thoughts, ideas, insights)
“gudra grāmata, runa, lekcija” — intelligent book, talk, lecture
“gudra tautas paruna: “darbs dara meistaru”” — a wise folk saying: “work makes the master”
- smart, resourceful, cunning (who quickly orients himself in many different circumstances, who can use the circumstances to his favor)
“Pēteris - tas bija gudrs: izmācījās par drēbnieku un apprecēja bagātu sievu” — Pēteris, that was a smart one: he studied to be a tailor and then married a rich wife
- wise, prudent
“tu biji gudra, mīļā dvēsele, tu gribēji sevi taupīt un sargāt” — you were wise, dear soul, you wanted to save and protect yourself
“bet arī līdzi ņemt zēnu nebija necik gudri, jo mēs varbūt jau pēc dažām stundām dosimies kaujā” — but also to take the boy along was not at all wise, because we may have already been a few hours in the battle (zone)
Formasgudrais(definite) · gudrāks(comparative) · visgudrākais(superlative) · gudri(adverb) · gudrs(masculine, nominative, singular) · gudri(masculine, nominative, plural) · gudra(feminine, nominative, singular) · gudras(feminine, nominative, plural) · gudra(genitive, masculine, singular) · gudru(genitive, masculine, plural) · gudras(feminine, genitive, singular) · gudru(feminine, genitive, plural) · gudram(dative, masculine, singular) · gudriem(dative, masculine, plural) · gudrai(dative, feminine, singular) · gudrām(dative, feminine, plural) · gudru(accusative, masculine, singular) · gudrus(accusative, masculine, plural) · gudru(accusative, feminine, singular) · gudras(accusative, feminine, plural)
Avots: Wiktionary