[svɛʃ]
CilmeFrom Proto-Baltic *swetyas, from *swet-, a form of the reflexive pronoun *swe. The original meaning was probably “alone, by himself,” hence “one who doesn't belong to any tribe” > “strange, unknown, unheard of.” Cognates include Lithuanian adjective svẽčias, noun svetỹs (“foreigner, visitor”), Proto-Slavic *svātъ < *swō-to-s “matchmaker; suitor, future spouse” (cf. Russian сват (svat)), Ancient Greek ἕτης (hétēs, “appropriate; tribesman”) (< *swe-te-s).
- unknown, foreign (which one has not met before)
“svešs zēns” — unknown boy
“sveša sieviete” — unknown woman
“sveša tauta” — unknown, foreign people
- foreign, of others (belonging to unknown people;belonging to other people)
“svešas mantas” — property of others
“sveša automašīna” — someone else's car
“svešs apģērbs” — someone else's clothes
- of others; unrelated (not part of one's extended family)
“audzināt svešu bērnu” — to raise someone else's child (= a child unrelated to those who raise him/her)
- unknown, unfamiliar, strange, foreign (with which one has no previous experience, of which one has no previous knowledge)
“svešs novads” — unknown, unfamiliar region
“sveša pilsēta” — unknown city
“sveša melodija” — unknown, unfamiliar melody
- unfamiliar, strange, unusual (which is perceived as unknown, different)
“tīri tāds pazīstams ceļš; būtu diena, tad jau pazītu, bet tumsā dažreiz pašam sava māja liekas sveša” — a clearly well-known path; if it were day, he would have known it, but in the darkness often even one's own house seems unfamiliar
“Nadīna nedzirdēja; viņa klausījās savas satrauktās sirds dunoņā: tā bija sveša, gluži kā nebūtu pašas sirds” — Nadīna didn't hear; she was listening to her anxious hearts' rumbles: it was strange, as if it weren't her own heart
- strange, foreign (with whom one shares no interests, no friendship, no spiritual connection)
“ilūzijas bija zudušas, bet patiesība izrādījās tāda, itin nekā viņiem nav kopīga; viņi - pilnīgi sveši cilvēki” — the illusions were gone, and truth showed itself, they had nothign in common; they (were) fully foreign people (to each other)
“mani vecāki izšķīrās, un, kad māte apprecējās otrreiz, es viņai kļuvu vēl svešāka, varbūt tādēļ, ka ļoti izskatījos pēc tēva” — my parents divorced, and, when (my) mother married again, I became even more foreign to her, maybe because I took very much after (my) father
- foreign, alien (not natural, not typical, not normal to someone; not acceptable to someone)
“skaudības jūtas viņam ir svešas” — feelings of envy are foreign to him (= he does not feel envy)
“Gētem, kam dzīves jēga bija pati dzīve, Dantes viņpasaules mistika bija sveša” — Dante's otherworldly mystique was foreign to Goethe, to whom the meaning of life was life itself
“šie cilvēki visi bija kara lietām sveši, cerējuši nekad savā mūžā nāves ieročus rokā neņemt” — these people were all foreign to the affairs of war, (they) had hoped never in their lives to have to take weapons in (their) hands
Formassvešais(definite) · svešāks(comparative) · vissvešākais(superlative) · sveši(adverb) · svešs(masculine, nominative, singular) · sveši(masculine, nominative, plural) · sveša(feminine, nominative, singular) · svešas(feminine, nominative, plural) · sveša(genitive, masculine, singular) · svešu(genitive, masculine, plural) · svešas(feminine, genitive, singular) · svešu(feminine, genitive, plural) · svešam(dative, masculine, singular) · svešiem(dative, masculine, plural) · svešai(dative, feminine, singular) · svešām(dative, feminine, plural) · svešu(accusative, masculine, singular) · svešus(accusative, masculine, plural) · svešu(accusative, feminine, singular) · svešas(accusative, feminine, plural)
Avots: Wiktionary