[tɾūːkt]
CilmeFrom Proto-Baltic *trūk-, from the same Proto-Indo-European stem *trewk-, *trūk- as Latvian traukt (“to rush, to speed, to sweep”) (q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian trū́kti. Corresponding to the older meaning of traukt: “to jerk, to pull, to pluck,” the meaning of trūkt was at first “to be pulled, plucked,” and then “to break, to creak, to split (off)” — still an extant, albeit unfrequent, meaning, and also the basis of the meaning of many derived verbs: iztrūkt (“to come off (knob, button)”), notrūkt (“to come, tear off”), pārtrūkt (“to break, to burst, to snap”), satrūkties (“to start, to jump”), uztrūkties (“to start”) —, and finally “to not be there, to be less (than necessary), to lack,” which is the basis for pietrūkt (“to be, run short of”), iztrūkums (“deficit, shortage”).
- intransitive, third-person, with-dativeto lack, to be in short supply, to not be available
“trūkst laika, naudas” — there is little or no time, money
“trūkst telpu” — there is little or no space
“darba netrūkst” — there is no lack of work
- intransitive, third-person, with-dativeto lack (to have lost, amputated)
“tēva labajai rokai trūka divu pirkstu” — (my) father's right hand lacked two fingers
“Kristam trūka rokas līdz elkonim” — Krists lacked an arm (up) to the elbow
- intransitive, third-person, with-dativeto lack, to not be enough
“par to mums trūkst ziņu” — we lack, have no news about that
“meitenei trūkst izglītības” — the girl lacks education
“aktierim trūkst talanta” — the actor lacks talent
- intransitive, third-person, with-dativeto miss, to be absent, to not be there
“klasē trūkst divu skolēnu” — in class two students are missing
“plauktā trūkst dažu grāmatu” — some books are missing on the shelf
“pie viņas bija vecā krustmāte, bija Marta, bija Aina, Vilma; trūka vienīgi Artūrs” — at her (house) were (her) old godmother, Marta, Aina, Vilma; only Artūrs was missing
- intransitive, third-person, with-dativeto miss, to suffer because of the absence (of someone, something)
“ziedu un rūpju vidū man tevis trūks” — among the flowers and the concerns, I will miss you
“Augusts uzreiz sajuta, ka viņam trūkst sievas” — Augusts immediately felt that he was missing his wife
- intransitive, third-person, usually, with-dativeto snap, to split in two parts under tension
“virve trūkst pušu” — the rope snaps
“pavediens mezglojas un trūkst” — the wire gets entangled and snaps
“savītas stieples tik ātri netrūks” — (inter)twined, wound wires won't snap so fast
Formasconjugation(first-person) · trūkst(present) · trūka(past) · es(first-person, indicative, singular) · -(first-person, indicative, present, singular) · -(first-person, indicative, past, singular) · -(first-person, future, indicative, singular) · -(first-person, imperative, singular) · tu(indicative, second-person, singular) · -(indicative, present, second-person, singular) · -(indicative, past, second-person, singular) · -(future, indicative, second-person, singular) · -(imperative, second-person, singular) · viņš(indicative, singular, third-person) · viņa(indicative, singular, third-person) · trūkst(indicative, present, singular, third-person) · trūka(indicative, past, singular, third-person) · trūks(future, indicative, singular, third-person) · lai trūkst(imperative, singular, third-person) · mēs(first-person, indicative, plural)