[tuɾɛ̂ːt]
CilmeFrom Proto-Baltic *turētei, from Proto-Indo-European *turH-yé-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *twerH- (“to enclose, grab”). In other words, from the same stem as tvert (“to grasp, to grab”), of which it was originally the iterative-durative form. (It is also possible that there was a semantically close verb *turt, from the same stem as tvert, with turēt being its iterative-durative form).
Cognates include Lithuanian turė́ti (“to have; to holt, to need”), Old Prussian turīt, turītwei (“to have; to need”).
- transitiveto hold (to keep something that was taken, grabbed, in a fixed position, e.g., in one's hands, lap, back, etc.)
“turēt sveci rokā” — to hold the candle in (one's) hands
“turēt rokā fotoaparātu” — to hold the camera in (one's) hands
“turēt grožus” — to hold the reins
- transitiveto hold (to not allow someone, something to move freely, to keep someone, something in its place, to force someone, something to not move)
“turēt pie rokas bērnu” — to hold a child by the hand
“turēt kādu aiz rokas” — to hold someone by the hand
“turēt aiz saites suni” — to keep (lit. hold) a dog on a leash
- transitiveto keep (to position the body in a certain way and to make it remain so)
“turēt ķermeni taisni” — to keep (one's) body straight
“turēt rokas kabatās” — to keep (one's) hands on (one's) pockets
“turēt acis vaļa” — to keep (one's) eyes open
- transitiveto keep, to hold (to make (someone, something) be or stay in some place, state or condition)
“turēt arestēto apsardzībā” — to keep the arrested person in custody
“turēt aitas kūtī” — to keep the sheep in the barn
“turēt govis pa nakti laukā” — to keep the cows in the field overnight
- transitiveto keep, to hold (to make (something) be or stay for some time in a certain situation, condition, or place)
“turēt durvis atvērtas” — to keep the door open
“turēt logus vaļa” — to keep the window open
“turēt ieroci gatavībā” — to keep (one's) weapon ready
- transitiveto keep, to have (to make sure that some product is available)
“kāpēc jūs neturat savā veikalā līgavas tērpus?” — why don't you keep bridal clothes in your shop?
“prece, kuru viņš turēja nebija no sliktākajām” — the product(s) which he kept, had (in his shop) were not of the worst (kind)
- transitiveto keep, to bear (to remember, to remain aware of something)
“kādu laiku turēju šo sarunu atmiņā” — for a while I kept this conversation in (my) memory
“viņš bija turējis prātā līdzību, kurā stāstīts par saules un vētras derību” — he had kept in mind the parable in which (one) tells about the bet between the sun and the storm
- transitiveto keep, to hold, to run, to have (to own (property), to manage, administer it, to take care of it)
“turēt lauku mājas” — to keep, to have a farmhouse
“turēt akcijas” — to hold, to have stocks
“turēt zosis” — to keep, raise geese
- transitiveto keep (to hire, to employ, usually in one's farm, home)
“turēt kalponi, aukli” — to keep a maid, a nanny
- transitiveto keep (to allow someone to stay, to live in one's home)
“Kate tika turēta nevis kā saimnieku audžu meita, bet itin kā kad būtu viņu pašu bērns” — Kate was kept not as the landlord's foster daughter, but as if she were his own child
- transitiveto keep, to hold (to cause to remain moving in a certain direction)
“turēt laivu vairāk pa labi” — to keep the ship on the right
“turot kursu uz Rīgu, franču tvaikonis ātri attālinās” — holding course toward Rīga, the French steamer went quickly away
““tā turēt!” atskan komanda no kapteiņa tiltiņa” — “keep like that!” (= hold course, do not change direction), the command came from the captain's bridge
- transitiveto keep, to hold (to prevent from going away, from moving, acting freely)
“Ieva vēl gan turēja un turēja Trīni, kamēr galu galā tak atlaida” — Ieva indeed kept holding (lit. held and held) Trīni, but in the end she let her go
“Kristaps gribēja apprecēties; nekas taču neturēja: abi brīvi cilvēki, arī mīlestība pietiekami pārbauditā grūtās dienās” — Kristaps wanted to get married; nothing held/kept (= prevented) him (from it): both (were) free people, (and) their love had been sufficiently tested in difficult days
- transitiveto keep in one's power (to limit someone's freedom of motion or action)
“es pazinu arī ķēniņmeitu, ko velns turēja savā varā un ko Arājdēlam vajadzēja atpestīt” — I know also a princess whom the devil kept in his power and whom Arājdēls had to liberate
“večuka skatiens mani turēja savā varā” — the old man's look kept me in his power
- transitiveto keep (someone, something) in a certain state or situation
“turēt kārtībā” — to keep (something) in order, tidy
“tīri apģērbtus viņa turēja savus bērnus” — she kept her children cleanly dressed (= in clean clothes)
“pavadoņu uztveršnas aparatūra turēs radiokontrolē praktiski visu zemeslodes virsmu” — the satellite's reception engine will keep practically the entire surface of the earth under radio control
- transitiveto keep, to hold (to link, to connect with something)
“visas lietas turēja citu pie citas kā piesietas desmit saitēm” — all things were held together (lit. one by the other) like ten ropes tied (to each other)
“vienīga saite, kas viņu vēl turēja pie dzīves, bija Paulis” — the only link that still kept him (connected to) life, was Paulis
- transitiveto keep, to hold, to keep up, to keep going (to be able to perform; to be able to cope, put up with something unpleasant)
“Jānim nebija veselības, nevarēja smago lauku darbu turēt” — Jānis didn't have (good) health, he could not keep the heavy farm work
“tilta balsti neturēs ledus spiedienu” — the fundament of the bridge will not hold the pressure of the ice
“darbs turpinājās līdz vēlam vakaram; Ojārs dūšīgi turēja līdz galam” — work continued till late at night; Ojārs bravely held, kept
- transitiveto keep, to hold (to prevent something undesirable from going through)
“vecās turpes neturēja mitrumu” — the old shoes did not keep humidity (out)
“sienām vēsums velk cauri, un jumts labi lietu netur” — the cold pulled through the walls, and the roof did not hold the rain well (= did not keep it out completely)
- transitiveto hold, to consider, to think of something, someone in a certain way
“turēt grāmatu par vajadzīgu” — to hold the book to be important
“turēt darbu par pienākumu” — to consider work as a duty
“turēt kaimiņu par zagli” — to consider the neighbor a thief
- negative, transitive, usuallyto keep, to hold (to go on feeling, expressing it, generally for a long time)
“turēt dusmas (uz kādu)” — to hold (= feel) anger (at someone)
“turēt naudu” — to hold, keep hatred (= to go on hating)
“turēt rūpi (par kādu, par ko)” — to worry (lit. keep worries) about someone, something
- transitiveto hold, to control, to prevent
“šur tur kāds rīstījās, turēdams smieklus, dažs vairs nespēja valdīties un smējās, iespiedis muti spilvenā” — here and there someone (= some people) choked, holding (their) laugh, some could not control themselves and laughed, pressing their mouths against the pillow(s)
- transitiveto keep, to fulfill
“turēt solījumu, zvērestu” — to keep a promise, an oath
- transitiveto keep, to take, to take part in, to participate
“Saleniek, jums ir jātur eksāmens uz otro klasi” — Salenieks, you must hold (= take) the exam in the other class
“vienīgi māte, es un sētas suns turējam mājas sardzi” — only mother, I and the fence dog kept guard (in the) house
- transitiveto hold, to speak, to pronounce
“turēt runu, sprediķi” — to hold (= pronounce) a speech, a sermon
“turēt aizdomās (kādu)” — to hold someone in suspicion (= to suspect someone)
Formasconjugation(third-person) · turu(present) · turi(present) · tur(present) · turēju(past) · es(first-person, indicative, singular) · turu(first-person, indicative, present, singular) · turēju(first-person, indicative, past, singular) · turēšu(first-person, future, indicative, singular) · -(first-person, imperative, singular) · tu(indicative, second-person, singular) · turi(indicative, present, second-person, singular) · turēji(indicative, past, second-person, singular) · turēsi(future, indicative, second-person, singular) · turi(imperative, second-person, singular) · viņš(indicative, singular, third-person) · viņa(indicative, singular, third-person) · tur(indicative, present, singular, third-person) · turēja(indicative, past, singular, third-person) · turēs(future, indicative, singular, third-person)
Avots: Wiktionary