[zinâːt]
CilmeOriginally the iterative-durative form of zīt (“to know”), currently dialectal or archaic, but with prefixed forms pazīt (“to be acquainted with”), atzīt (“to recognize, to acknowledge”) still in use, from Proto-Baltic *žin-tey/ti, from the zero grade *ǵn̥-tey of Proto-Indo-European root *ǵen-, *ǵnō-, *ǵneh₃- (“to be familiar with, to recognize; to know”). This stem may ultimately be the same as *ǵen-, *ǵenh₁- (“to create, to generate”). Cognates include Lithuanian žinóti, Old Prussian -sinnat [zināt] (ersinnat (“to be acquainted”), posinnat (“to admit, to recognize”)), Old Church Slavonic знати (znati), Russian знать (znatʹ), Belarusian знаць (znacʹ), Ukrainian зна́ти (znáty), Bulgarian зна́я (znája), Czech znát, Polish znać, Gothic 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (kunnan), Old Norse kunna, German können, English can, Sanskrit जानाति (jānā́ti, “to know”), Ancient Greek γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, “to be familiar with, to recognize”), Latin nōscere (< *gnōskere).
- form-of, indicative, plural, present, second-personsecond-person plural present indicative of zināt
- transitiveto know (to have knowledge, to be informed, about something)
“zināt drauga adresi” — to know a friend's address
“zināt jaunā kaimiņa vārdu” — to know the new neighbor's name
“zināt jaunākos notikumus” — to know the latest events
- transitiveto know how to do something, to be able to do something, also: to often, habitually do something
“zināt stāstīt” — to know how to tell stories
“zināt spriest” — to know how, to be able, to judge
“zināt palīdzēt” — to know how to help, to be helpful
- transitiveto know, to be acquainted with (someone), to be familiar with (something)
“zināt citam citu” — to know each other
“bet mums ir kopīga paziņa; jūs taču zināt Ilgu?” — but we have a common acquaintace; you do know Ilga, don't you?
“viņš zina katru Zandas kustību, katru soli” — he knows Zanda's every move, every step
- transitiveto know, to understand, to have (something) clear in one's mind
“zināt savus trūkumus” — to know one's deficiencies, weaknesses
“zināt, kā rīkoties” — to know how to behave, to act
“dari, kā zini!” — do as you know!
- transitiveto know about, to take care of, to be responsible for
“zināt par vakariņām” — to know about (= be the one in charge of) dinner
“zināt par kārtību” — to know about (= be responsible for) the order, sequence
“Ieva ir tikai meitene, pa pusei bērns, viņš - vīrs, un viņam jāzina par abiem” — Ieva is just a girl, almost a child, he - a man, he must know about (= take care of, be responsible for) both
- imperative, transitive, usuallyyou know...
“zini, ziniet ko” — you know what? (used to attract the listener's attention to what the hearer is going to say)
“nu, (vai) zini” — well, you know (used to express one's feelings, usually negative, about what the listener has just said, or to attract the listener's attention to some, usually negative, fact)
“es vakar iepazinos ar mākslinieku... visās gleznās, zini, jūras un laivas” — yesterday I met an artist... in all (his) paintings, you know, (there are) seas and boats
- form-of, indicative, past, plural, second-personsecond-person plural past indicative of zīt
Formasconjugation(third-person) · zinu(present) · zini(present) · zina(present) · zināju(past) · es(first-person, indicative, singular) · zinu(first-person, indicative, present, singular) · zināju(first-person, indicative, past, singular) · zināšu(first-person, future, indicative, singular) · -(first-person, imperative, singular) · tu(indicative, second-person, singular) · zini(indicative, present, second-person, singular) · zināji(indicative, past, second-person, singular) · zināsi(future, indicative, second-person, singular) · zini(imperative, second-person, singular) · viņš(indicative, singular, third-person) · viņa(indicative, singular, third-person) · zina(indicative, present, singular, third-person) · zināja(indicative, past, singular, third-person) · zinās(future, indicative, singular, third-person)